inppdИнновационная наука: Психология. Педагогика. ДефектологияInnovative science: psychology, pedagogy, defectology2658-7165Don State Technical University - DSTU, Rostov-on-Don, Russia10.23947/2658-7165-2022-5-1-66-84inppd-66Research ArticleПСИХОФИЗИОЛОГИЯPSYCHOPHYSIOLOGYФункциональная роль постурального контроля для поддержания баланса, равновесия и координации движений человеческого тела - современные методы измерения, профилактики и коррекции постуральной устойчивостиFunctional role of postural control to maintain balance, equilibrium and coordination of human body movements - modern methods of measurement, prevention and correction of postural stabilityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6993-5010НеживоваА. В.NezhivovaA. V.

Анна В. Неживова

Ростов-на-Дону

Anna V. Nezhivova

Rostov-on-Don

annanezhivova@yandex.ruДонской государственный технический университетРоссияDon State Technical UniversityRussian Federation202210082023516684Copyright © Неживова А.В., 20222022Неживова А.В.Nezhivova A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.inov-ppd.ru/jour/article/view/66

   Данная статья с помощью углублённого обзора пытается отразить «почему» и «как» две части — разум и прямохождение – связаны между собой, и на сколько актуальны на сегодняшний момент современные перспективы психофизиологических методов оценки, поддержания и коррекции постурального тонуса, а также баланса и равновесия человека. На сегодняшний день тема диагностики и успешной коррекции постурального тонуса и устойчивости тела человека в области превентивной (предупреждающей) медицины и физической реабилитации является актуальной и требующей дополнительного изучения и дальнейших научных исследований.

   Смысл, цель и новизна проведения данного исследования: теоретический анализ качества человеческого движения для последующей разработки программы коррекции нарушений правильного стереотипа движения.

   Введение содержит краткий обзор актуального положения дел в сфере интеллектуального и физического развития человека. В этом разделе также приводится определение понятия «постура». Излагаются перспективы и смысл последующего диссертационного исследования, которое будет посвящено биомеханике человеческого движения, его эффективной психофизиологической оценке и адекватной коррекции двигательных нарушений, постурального равновесия, координации и устойчивости. Теоретическое обоснование содержит развернутый анализ таких теоретических аспектов, как: вертикальная поза человека как часть постурального менеджмента; основная функция постурального контроля и статокинетическая система; постуральный тонус; роль диагностики и оценки баланса и равновесия тела для снижения уровня травматизации; будущие перспективы стабилометрической реабилитации. Обсуждение результатов отражает пересечение авторской позиции с положениями работ других авторов в данной области. Автор указывает на важность анализа и синтеза информации авторов статей о применении на практике простых проб и тестов на равновесие для своего исследования. Заключение содержит тезисное описание основных результатов теоретического обзора.

   It is popularly believed that a human of today comes from Homo Erectus (an erect-walking individual), who probably is the ancestor of Homo Sapiens (a rational individual). In case of accenting the key points of the main human characteristics, this name changes into Homo sapiens erectus. Humans have become rational and erect-walking over a long evolution. The aim if a human race is not to lose these two properties because they are inextricably tied up, and determine a seamlessly developed and a healthy person. At the moment, along with the technocratic progress that has fallen on the way of life and rhythm of every person, there is a tendency to disrupt posture, gait, and physique, intellectual and physical development. As a result, the acquired motor compensations and the loss of important movement patterns with a significant loss of the unique properties of the human body and personality are revealed as a whole. This is a payment for "the blessings" of civilization to some extent, and it also comes from an ignorance and laziness. This article provides an in-depth review of the connection between the mind and bipedalism. The relevance of a modern outlook on psychophysiological methods for assessing, maintaining and correcting of the postural tone, as well as human balance and equilibrium, has been revised. The term "posture" is defined as the position maintained by the body, either through muscular activity or as a result of a coordinated contraction of a group of muscles specifically working to maintain it. This article is one of the starting points for the upcoming research, which will be devoted to the biomechanics of a human movement, its effective psychophysiological assessment and adequate correction of movement disorders, postural balance, coordination and stability.

   The purpose of this work is to improve the quality of a movement by generating new hypotheses and involving engineers, physicians and scientists specializing in the problems of human body movements, to involve specialists and patients in the community focused on the studying of body movements, to collect and develop a knowledge base, skills and technologies, helping clients and patients to move correctly.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.