Psycholinguistic Determinants of the Attitude of Young People to the Time Perspective

Introduction. A new reality, characterized by geopolitical tension, a ‘reliability crisis’ of information, which deprives a modern person of the possibility of anticipating future events, introduces a situation of uncertainty, which makes it especially relevant to study the attitude of young people to the time of life. The research of foreign and domestic scientists in the fi of psycholinguistics, ideas about the image of the future and attitudes to the time perspective are analyzed. The found absence of studies of psycholinguistic determinants of attitudes to the time perspective in boys and girls justified the novelty of the study.

Purpose. Identification and description of students’ ideas about the time perspective.

Materials and Methods. As a methodological tool, we have chosen the methodology Time Perspective Questionnaire by Zimbardo, Ideas About Lifetime unfinished sentences technique by I. V. Abakumova, E. M. Azarko and N. E. Komerova, and morphological analysis on the platform RusTXT.RU.

Results. It was determined that the ideas about the time perspective consist of priority values; systems of personal meanings; mechanisms of self-assessment and self-control; reflexive awareness of the past; motivating desires and attitudes. Psycholinguistic analysis revealed linguistic and meaning constructs most often used by young people to describe attitudes to the past, present, and future. The author’s model of psycholinguistic determinants of attitude to time is presented.

Discussion and Conclusion. The variability of a person’s attitude towards the past and the uniqueness of a person’s lexicon due to individual linguistic experience are emphasized. The high degree of orientation of students for the future is described. It is shown that the frequency of using certain parts of speech varies depending on the attitude to the time perspective. It was revealed that respondents with a high orientation to the future and a positive attitude to the past use more parts of speech to describe the past and the future. Their speech is characterized by greater specificity and vocabulary, which indicates the formation of ideas about life.

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