DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction. The regulation of life activity of children of primary school age, as well as their development, in this period still depends on parents, despite the presence of a new reference adult - the teacher. It is in the process of "parent-child" interaction that the foundation of further subjective and psychological well-being of the child is laid, which makes it necessary to study this topic.
Objective. Detailed understanding of the influence of family on the subjective well-being of primary school children
Subjective and psychological well-being of junior schoolchildren. Subjective well-being of primary school children is a difficult subject of study due to the unformed personality in this age period. However, modern studies, still indirectly cover the subject field of genesis of subjective well-being children, including psychological well-being in the younger school age. The factors of psychological well-being of a child of primary school age are related to the emotional, psychological and psychosocial development of the child. However, an important role in the psychological well-being of junior schoolchildren is played by the family environment, and especially by parents.
Aspects of family relations affecting the subjective well-being of junior schoolchildren. Subjective well-being of primary school children is closely interrelated with the social status of the family, psychological and subjective well-being of parents, their emotional maturity and psychological competence. In the system "parent-child", subjective well-being is favorably influenced by trust in relationships, reliable type of attachment, while anxious or avoidant types lead to maladaptation in social relationships and emotional sphere of the child. An important role in maintaining children's well-being is played by the relationship between parents: the subjective well-being of a junior schoolchild is reduced due to the experience of parental divorce. The vector of development of a child's subjective well-being in a substitute family shifts, emphasizing his/her integration into a new environment, formation of a sense of acceptance and understanding.
Discussion. The analysis carried out in the studied subject field allowed to detail the influence of the family on the subjective well-being of primary school children. As a result, the main aspects of the family sphere contributing to the development of subjective well-being, related qualities and skills were highlighted
КОРРЕКЦИОННАЯ ПЕДАГОГИКА И ПСИХОЛОГИЯ
Introduction. The relevance of the study lies in the consideration of a relatively new direction, significant for pedagogical and psychological support of children with disabilities - parenting styles. Non-harmonious types of parenting of children with disabilities can lead to behavioral disorders and difficulties in social adaptation. The article considers the characteristics of children with different types of disabilities and the problems of their adaptation in society.
Objective. To establish the types of upbringing in families bringing up children with disabilities and to identify non-harmonious types of upbringing.
Materials and methods. To identify non-harmonious types of upbringing we used the standardized method of family relationship analysis by E. G. Eidemiller and V. Joustickis. V., which allows us to consider various components, including parenting styles. The groups under study (150 people in total) were represented by parents raising children with disabilities (75 people) and parents raising children with normotypic development (75 people). Children with disabilities had auditory, visual, motor development disorders, autism spectrum disorders, mental retardation, mental retardation.
Results. The results revealed that the types of family upbringing differ between families raising children with disabilities and families raising children with normal development. It was found that families raising children with disabilities have predominantly non-harmonious types of upbringing, such as condoning hyperprotection, dominating hyperprotection, emotional rejection, hypoprotection, and in some cases - abuse. The obtained differences in parenting styles reflect the need for personalized programs of psychological and pedagogical support for families raising children with disabilities.
Discussion. Based on the empirical data we developed a model of socio-pedagogical support for families raising children with disabilities and having a non-harmonious type of upbringing. This model formed the basis for the development of a support program for families raising children with disabilities. This section presents the model itself, as well as the goal, tasks, stages and terms of implementation of this program
GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY, PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY, HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction. The analysis of schoolchildren's quality of life refers to a modern effective way of diagnosing problems in the main types of child functioning and can serve as a valuable tool for detecting intrafamily disadvantage.
Objective. Analyze the quality of life of adolescents from the position of assessment of child-parent relationships.
Materials and methods. A questionnaire survey was conducted using the adapted PEDsQL 4.0 quality of life questionnaire among 139 adolescents studying in a general education institution and, accordingly, 139 parents. The survey was conducted on blocks of information to assess children's physical, emotional health, social, and school life. Statistical analysis was carried out using nonparametric statistics methods.
Results. Parents and children rated the physical, emotional health and school engagement scales differently. Adolescents rated their physical fitness and academic success much higher than their parents, but emotional status scores among schoolchildren were significantly lower than parental responses. The distribution by age (in the categories 15, 16, 17 years old) showed significant differences in the scores of the responses of the adolescents and parents for the same parameters. Evaluation of the scales with regard to the gender of schoolchildren also noted differences in adolescent and parent questionnaires on these blocks. Young men indicated higher scores on physical activity and academic success than their parents. Girls indicated higher scores in school activity than their parents, but significantly lower characterized their emotional state than in the opinion of their parents. A low proportion of identical answers was found in the questionnaires of schoolchildren and their representatives: in characterizing physical activity 72.7%, social activity - 30.2%, academic performance 18.7%, and only 12.2% of coincidence on the scale of emotional health.
Discussions. Quality of life analysis can be considered as an effective way to assess child-parent relations for further targeted psychological and pedagogical assistance to children.
Introduction. The relevance of the problem is due to the significance of studying the factors affecting the level of psychological well-being of people. The analysis of existing studies has shown that the psychological well-being of medical workers is inversely correlated with their social anxiety. However, the nature of this relationship is often overlooked by researchers.
Objective. To identify the peculiarities of the relationship between psychological well-being and social anxiety in medical workers.
Materials and Methods. The study involved 50 medical workers of one of the medical institutions of Cherepovets, Vologda Oblast. The basis of the sample was the average medical personnel. The diagnostic tools used were the K. Rieff questionnaire to identify the levels of psychological well-being (adapted by T. D. Shevelenkova and P. P. Fesenko) and the questionnaire of social anxiety by O. N. Sagalakova and D. V. Truevtsev. The results were processed using the methods of correlation analysis (Pearson linear correlation coefficient was calculated) and regression analysis.
Results. On the basis of correlation analysis, a negative relationship between psychological well-being and social anxiety was revealed. The higher the level of psychological well-being, the lower the level of social anxiety and vice versa. The results of regression analysis showed that the desire to cope with anxiety and get rid of indecisiveness negatively affects the autonomy of personality, and anxiety in situations of initiative communication negatively affects the ability to manage the environment. In turn, the low level of personality autonomy as an indicator of psychological well-being influences all types of social anxiety.
Discussion. In the course of the discussion it is concluded that the presented results confirm the information available in psychology about the negative relationship between social anxiety and psychological well-being. On the other hand, new data on the peculiarities of mutual influence of these personality formations on each other have been obtained. The main conclusion that follows from the study is that social anxiety can be significantly reduced if the level of autonomy of the individual is increased, i.e. subjective qualities are formed. The obtained results can be useful for the administration of medical institutions in the work with employees, in particular, with nursing staff
Innovative science: psychology, pedagogy, defectology
ISSN 2658-7165 (Online)
Contact with: Publisher / Editorial Office of the Journal
Publisher: Don State Technical University - DSTU, Rostov-on-Don, Russia - https://donstu.ru/en/
Editor-in-Chief: Irina V. Abakumova, Dr.Sci. (Psychology), Professor, Don State Technical University (Rostov-on-Don, Russia)
Don State Technical University
1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003, Russia
tel.: +7(863) 238-13-56, e-mail: inovppd@gmail.com
16+